{"id":654,"date":"2026-08-26T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-08-25T16:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.xinhaimushroom.com\/?p=654"},"modified":"2026-10-09T12:20:21","modified_gmt":"2026-10-09T04:20:21","slug":"problemas-comunes-y-medidas-de-tratamiento-durante-la-incubacion-del-micelio-del-hongo-shiitake","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.xinhaimushroom.com\/es\/shiitake-mushroom-spawn-run-6-common-problems-causes-and-treatment-measures\/","title":{"rendered":"Gu\u00eda de incubaci\u00f3n del micelio de shiitake"},"content":{"rendered":"
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El \u00e9xito del cultivo del hongo shiitake (Lentinula edodes) depende en gran medida de una carrera de micelio saludable \u2014 la etapa de crecimiento micelial antes de la fructificaci\u00f3n. Muchos cultivadores pierden rendimiento debido a problemas que aparecen durante este per\u00edodo. Esta gu\u00eda pr\u00e1ctica cubre los 6 problemas m\u00e1s comunes durante la carrera de micelio, sus causas y medidas de tratamiento comprobadas para ayudarle a proteger sus troncos y aumentar la producci\u00f3n de hongos. <\/span><\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n

1. Recesi\u00f3n del micelio en bolsas de spawn<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00edntomas:<\/strong> Durante la etapa de carrera de micelio, el micelio blanco se torna amarillo, y las \u00e1reas previamente colonizadas por el micelio vuelven al color natural del sustrato de aserr\u00edn.<\/span><\/p>\n

Causas:<\/strong> La temperatura durante la carrera de micelio supera los 35\u00b0C, y las bolsas no se voltean con la frecuencia suficiente.<\/span><\/p>\n

Prevenci\u00f3n y tratamiento:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  • Evite elaborar bolsas para cultivo durante las temporadas calurosas.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Para troncos que requieren una carrera de micelio prolongada, perfore orificios de aireaci\u00f3n para aumentar el suministro de ox\u00edgeno.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \n

    2. Oscurecimiento d\u00e9bil o fallido de los troncos de hongos<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    S\u00edntomas:<\/strong> Los troncos muestran un color marr\u00f3n amarillento claro (formaci\u00f3n insuficiente de la corteza protectora marr\u00f3n oscura).<\/span><\/p>\n

    Causas:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    • Edad micelial insuficiente \u2014 los troncos se desembolsan demasiado pronto, antes de que el micelio alcance la madurez fisiol\u00f3gica.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Mala retenci\u00f3n de humedad en la cama de cultivo \u2014 humedad demasiado baja para cumplir con los requisitos del oscurecimiento.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Temperatura demasiado alta al desembolsar con el rociado de agua iniciado demasiado tarde, o temperatura por debajo de 12\u00b0C al desembolsar.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Tratamiento:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

        \n
      • Rociar agua para retenci\u00f3n de humedad combinado con ventilaci\u00f3n \u2014 una vez al d\u00eda durante 2\u20133 d\u00edas consecutivos.<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Inspeccionar el film de cobertura de la cama, reparar cualquier orificio y tensar el film para mejorar la retenci\u00f3n de humedad.<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Colocar los troncos planos sobre el suelo para aprovechar la temperatura y humedad del suelo y promover el oscurecimiento en un lado, luego voltearlos para oscurecer el otro lado.<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Si es causado por baja temperatura: retirar parte del sombreado para dejar entrar luz y elevar la temperatura, y ventilar al mediod\u00eda.<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Si es causado por alta temperatura: aumentar la frecuencia de ventilaci\u00f3n y rociar agua de manantial fr\u00eda para bajar la temperatura; abrir el film en ambos extremos de la cama al mediod\u00eda, y ventilar por la ma\u00f1ana y al atardecer durante 30 minutos cada vez.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        \n

        3. Deshidrataci\u00f3n micelial<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

        S\u00edntomas:<\/strong> La superficie del tronco se vuelve \u00e1spera y punzante al tacto, y el peso disminuye notablemente.<\/span><\/p>\n

        Causas:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

          \n
        • Exposici\u00f3n fuerte al sol durante la carrera de micelio, o ca\u00edda de la cinta sobre los orificios de inoculaci\u00f3n, causando evaporaci\u00f3n de agua de la bolsa.<\/span><\/li>\n
        • Viento seco del noroeste o viento c\u00e1lido y seco al desembolsar, causando ruptura de las c\u00e9lulas miceliales, fuga de nutrientes y resecamiento de la superficie.<\/span><\/li>\n
        • Gran diferencia de humedad entre el sitio de cultivo y el micelio \u2014 com\u00fan en granjas de hongos en tierras secas donde el suelo absorbe la humedad de los troncos.<\/span><\/li>\n
        • Mala retenci\u00f3n de humedad del film de la cama (film viejo con orificios, film mal colocado, o flujo de aire excesivo en la cama).<\/span><\/li>\n
        • Ventilaci\u00f3n inadecuada \u2014 el film se deja abierto demasiado tiempo y los troncos quedan expuestos al viento c\u00e1lido y seco.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Tratamiento:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

            \n
          • Aumentar el rociado de agua \u2014 usar una regadera para rociar abundante agua sobre los troncos durante 2 d\u00edas consecutivos hasta que la superficie est\u00e9 suave en lugar de punzante.<\/span><\/li>\n
          • Cubrir el film herm\u00e9ticamente y acortar el tiempo de ventilaci\u00f3n, manteniendo una humedad relativa de aproximadamente 90%.<\/span><\/li>\n
          • Irrigar los surcos a ambos lados de la cama de hongos con agua corriente para aumentar la humedad del suelo.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
            \n

            4. Capa de corteza (costra) engrosada<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

            S\u00edntomas:<\/strong> La capa de corteza se vuelve dura y marr\u00f3n oscura, dificultando la fructificaci\u00f3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

            Causas:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

              \n
            • Desembolsado tard\u00edo \u2014 la edad micelial es demasiado larga, los nutrientes se transportan continuamente a la superficie, y el micelio se anuda y engrosa capa por capa.<\/span><\/li>\n
            • F\u00f3rmula de sustrato inadecuada \u2014 exceso de fuente de nitr\u00f3geno, relaci\u00f3n carbono-nitr\u00f3geno desequilibrada, sobrecrecimiento micelial, colapso retardado y corteza engrosada despu\u00e9s del oscurecimiento.<\/span><\/li>\n
            • Ventilaci\u00f3n inadecuada \u2014 no seguir el programa de ventilaci\u00f3n de la etapa de oscurecimiento, o sesiones de ventilaci\u00f3n demasiado pocas y demasiado cortas.<\/span><\/li>\n
            • Sitio de cultivo excesivamente sombreado con luz insuficiente.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              Tratamiento:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

                \n
              • Reforzar la ventilaci\u00f3n \u2014 al menos 2 veces por d\u00eda, 1 hora cada vez.<\/span><\/li>\n
              • Ajustar la iluminaci\u00f3n \u2014 mantener un ambiente de \u201ctres partes de sol, siete partes de sombra\u201d.<\/span><\/li>\n
              • Aumentar la diferencia seco-h\u00famedo y la diferencia de temperatura para forzar al micelio a pasar del crecimiento vegetativo al crecimiento reproductivo.<\/span><\/li>\n
              • Utilizar el \u201cm\u00e9todo de fructificaci\u00f3n por golpeteo del tronco\u201d \u2014 cepillar la superficie del tronco de ida y vuelta con un cepillo de palma sumergido en agua, o apretar suavemente el tronco con la mano para vibrar y romper el micelio, exponiendo micelio blanco a trav\u00e9s de las grietas para promover la nodulaci\u00f3n y la fructificaci\u00f3n.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                \n

                5. Secreci\u00f3n de agua amarilla en las bolsas<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

                S\u00edntomas:<\/strong> A medida que las bolsas maduran gradualmente, gotas de agua marr\u00f3n amarillenta (com\u00fanmente llamadas \u201cagua amarilla\u201d) siguen exud\u00e1ndose de la superficie de la bolsa. El agua amarilla contiene nutrientes; si se acumula excesivamente con el tiempo, puede atraer f\u00e1cilmente a Trichoderma y otros contaminantes, eventualmente causando la pudrici\u00f3n de las bolsas. Debe tratarse con prontitud.<\/span><\/p>\n

                Tratamiento:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

                  \n
                • Reforzar la ventilaci\u00f3n para evitar que las bacterias se reproduzcan en un ambiente deficiente de ox\u00edgeno; la ventilaci\u00f3n tambi\u00e9n ayuda a evaporar el agua amarilla.<\/span><\/li>\n
                • Usar un cuchillo o aguja afilado y esterilizado para perforar la bolsa en los puntos de acumulaci\u00f3n de agua amarilla (perforar solo el film pl\u00e1stico, no el micelio) para dejar drenar el agua amarilla. Evitar que el agua amarilla entre en los orificios de inoculaci\u00f3n. Al rociar agua para enfriar las bolsas, enjuagar el agua amarilla, pero evitar que entre agua dentro de la bolsa.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                  \n

                  6. Moho y pudrici\u00f3n de los troncos de hongos<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

                  S\u00edntomas:<\/strong> Durante el desembolsado y el oscurecimiento, aparecen manchas negras en los troncos; al presionar el \u00e1rea afectada, supura agua negra, con un olor f\u00e9tido.<\/span><\/p>\n

                  Causas:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • Temperatura alta despu\u00e9s del desembolsado, especialmente en d\u00edas lluviosos con mala ventilaci\u00f3n \u2014 temperatura y humedad altas promueven la contaminaci\u00f3n.<\/span><\/li>\n
                  • Moho no detectado a tiempo durante la carrera de micelio, permaneciendo latente en el sustrato y multiplic\u00e1ndose r\u00e1pidamente despu\u00e9s del desembolsado cuando la temperatura y la humedad se vuelven adecuadas.<\/span><\/li>\n
                  • Desembolsado demasiado tard\u00edo \u2014 el agua amarilla penetra en el tronco y causa contaminaci\u00f3n.<\/span><\/li>\n
                  • Sitio excesivamente sombreado, entorno circundante deficiente y flujo de aire pobre.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    Tratamiento:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

                      \n
                    • A\u00edsle los troncos afectados \u2014 re\u00fana los troncos enmohecidos en una sola cama y espolvoree cal en polvo sobre el suelo.<\/span><\/li>\n
                    • Eliminaci\u00f3n manual combinada con productos qu\u00edmicos \u2014 primero corte las partes podridas con un cuchillo para exponer el tejido sano (no deje material podrido), luego frote o aplique carbendazim al 50% diluido 200\u2013300 veces sobre las \u00e1reas afectadas para inhibir eficazmente la pudrici\u00f3n adicional.<\/span><\/li>\n
                    • Controle el riego por aspersi\u00f3n para evitar la humedad excesiva.<\/span><\/li>\n
                    • Aumente la ventilaci\u00f3n \u2014 abra el pl\u00e1stico una vez al d\u00eda para mantener el aire de la cama fresco.<\/span><\/li>\n
                    • Si la sombra alrededor del cobertizo es demasiado densa, abra las ventanas de ventilaci\u00f3n norte\u2013sur para permitir la circulaci\u00f3n del aire.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                      Shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) cultivation success depends largely on a healthy spawn run \u2014 the mycelial growth stage before fruiting. Many growers lose yield because of problems that appear during this period. This practical guide covers the 6 most common spawn run problems, their causes, and proven treatment measures to help you protect your logs […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4631,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-654","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nShiitake Mushroom Spawn Run Guide - Xinhai Mushroom Equipment<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) cultivation success depends largely on a healthy spawn run \u2014 the mycelial growth stage before fruiting. Many growers\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Shiitake Mushroom Spawn Run Guide\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) cultivation success depends largely on a healthy spawn run \u2014 the mycelial growth stage before fruiting. Many growers\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.xinhaimushroom.com\/es\/problemas-comunes-y-medidas-de-tratamiento-durante-la-incubacion-del-micelio-del-hongo-shiitake\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Xinhai Mushroom Equipment\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/xinhaimushroom\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-08-25T16:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-10-09T04:20:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.xinhaimushroom.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Shiitake-Mushroom-Spawn-Run-6-Common-Problems-Causes-and-Treatment-Measures-858562.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"760\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"964\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"@mxd1101201\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.xinhaimushroom.com\\\/shiitake-mushroom-spawn-run-6-common-problems-causes-and-treatment-measures\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.xinhaimushroom.com\\\/shiitake-mushroom-spawn-run-6-common-problems-causes-and-treatment-measures\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"@mxd1101201\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.xinhaimushroom.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/65e2f2e3e50adcbf00007578972fdf46\"},\"headline\":\"Shiitake Mushroom Spawn Run Guide\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-08-25T16:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-10-09T04:20:21+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.xinhaimushroom.com\\\/shiitake-mushroom-spawn-run-6-common-problems-causes-and-treatment-measures\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":998,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.xinhaimushroom.com\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.xinhaimushroom.com\\\/shiitake-mushroom-spawn-run-6-common-problems-causes-and-treatment-measures\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.xinhaimushroom.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/08\\\/Shiitake-Mushroom-Spawn-Run-Guide-1.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"\u672a\u5206\u7c7b\"],\"inLanguage\":\"es-AR\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.xinhaimushroom.com\\\/shiitake-mushroom-spawn-run-6-common-problems-causes-and-treatment-measures\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.xinhaimushroom.com\\\/shiitake-mushroom-spawn-run-6-common-problems-causes-and-treatment-measures\\\/\",\"name\":\"Shiitake Mushroom Spawn Run Guide - Xinhai Mushroom Equipment\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.xinhaimushroom.com\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.xinhaimushroom.com\\\/shiitake-mushroom-spawn-run-6-common-problems-causes-and-treatment-measures\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.xinhaimushroom.com\\\/shiitake-mushroom-spawn-run-6-common-problems-causes-and-treatment-measures\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.xinhaimushroom.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/08\\\/Shiitake-Mushroom-Spawn-Run-Guide-1.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-08-25T16:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-10-09T04:20:21+00:00\",\"description\":\"Shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) cultivation success depends largely on a healthy spawn run \u2014 the mycelial growth stage before fruiting. 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